A comment on the flare activity in August 1972     

L. Fritzová-Švestková  Z. Švestka} 《Solar physics》1973,29(2):417-419

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A Strontium and Neodymium Isotopic Investigation of the Fongen--Hyllingen Layered Intrusion, Norway   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

S{oslash}RENSEN  HENNING S.; WILSON  J. RICHARD 《Journal of Petrology》1995,36(1):161-187

The Fongen—Hyllingen Intrusion, situated }" BORDER="0">60 km SE of Trondheim,Norway, is a synorogenic layered mafic intrusion of Caledonianage . The intrusion is divided into four evolutionary stages based on cryptic variations: StageI—a basal reversal; Stage II—unchanged mineral chemistryor slight normal evolution; Stage III—a gradual regression;Stage IV— a strong normal fractionation trend Magma replenishmentdominated during most of the crystallization, i.e. during StagesI, II and III Replenishing magma was more dense than resident,evolved magma, and continuing influx eventually caused a compositionallystratified magma column to form. Cryptic lateral variation isan important feature in the southern part of the complex andformed by in situ crystallization from a stratified magma alongan inclined floor, where modal layering formed parallel to thecrystallization front. Initial Sr- and Nd-isotopic ratios inthe cumulates vary as a result of assimilation of country rockand subsequent mixing between uncontaminated, replenishing magmaand contaminated, resident magma. The parental magma had a moderatelydepleted isotope composition, relative to Bulk Earth, with }" BORDER="0">_Nd=584and Sr_i=070308, whereas the main contaminant was a partialmelt of metapelitic country rock with }" BORDER="0">_Nd=-874 and Sr_i=07195(Sr_i is the initial ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr). Sr_i in the analysed cumulatewhole-rock samples ranges from 070308 to 070535 and initial}" BORDER="0">_Nd ranges from. 158 to 584. There is a strong correlationbetween mineralogical composition and isotopic trends in mostof the cumulates: the most primitive samples are the least contaminated,as reflected by relatively high ed and low Sr,, and more evolvedsamples have progressively lower eNi and higher Sry A gradualregression of several hundred metres thickness characterizesStage III; stratigraphically upwards mineral compositions becomemore primitive and isotope compositions more depleted (higher}" BORDER="0">_Nd and lower Sr_i), implying a process of. progressive mixing-inof replenishing, primitive and uncontaminated magma. Magma influxin Stage III took place by fountaining, whereas magma additionwas more tranquil in the earlier stages. The fountaining influxentrained resident, relatively evolved and contaminated magma,resulting in a hybrid magma which ponded at the floor. Duringprolonged magma addition with concomitant crystallization, thelowermost magma layer was replaced by progressively more primitivehybrid magma, creating a gradual regression in the crystallizingcumulate sequence. A detailed two-dimensional study revealslateral variations in mineral compositions both at the baseand top of Stage III, whereas lateral variations in Sr- andNd-isotopic compositions are present at the top, but not atthe base. This implies that the lowest crystallizing part ofthe magma column was essentially isotopically homogeneous, butcompositionally stratified, before influx in Stage III. Isotopicgradients in the magma were strong close to the roof, wheremost of the assimilation occurred, and decreased downwards,merging into isotopically homogeneous magma. This stratifiedsystem was destroyed by turbulent mixing between replenishingand resident magma during fountaining influx in Stage III, anda new stratification was established with both an isotopic anda compositional gradient. After the final influx, crystallizationcontinued in an essentially closed system, in which the remainingmagma column eventually became homogenized, as magma layersmixed when their densities converged owing to release of buoyant,residual liquid during fractional crystallization. Corresponding author  相似文献   

1974年5月云南省永善-大关7.1级强震前波速比的异常变化          下载免费PDF全文

冯德益 《地球物理学报》1975,18(4):235-239

本文简要地给出了1974年5月11日云南省永善-大关7.1级强震前（?）、（?）波平均速度比V_p0V_s0前兆异常变化的一些主要特性:（1）7.1级强震前八年零五个月期间波速比V_p0/V_s0明显减小;（2）V_p0/V_s0在异常过程开始之前达到一个极大值,在异常过程结束时又取同样的极大值;（3）经过长时期、大面积的减小之后,波速比V_p0/V_s0先在距震中较远的地区内回升,然后才在震中区内回升;（4）5级以上地震都发生在异常过程的初期及末期,且各自对应着波速比的临时短期增大;（5）波速异常区的定向与强震的震源机制间有一定的对应关系。文章对所得结果作了一些简单的讨论,并指出了在地震预报中的应用。  相似文献